Greek and Roman sculpture scholar, early professor of Archaeology and Ancient History at University of Göttingen. Heyne studied at the university in Leipzig where he heard courses by Johann Friedrich Christ. Heyne was a prominent critic of Johann Joachim Winckelmann.

Historian of Roman sculpture and the paintings of Raphael, also painter. Meyer began studying painting in Switzerland under the tutelage of Johann Koella and Johann Caspar Füssli. He traveled to Italy to study Roman sculpture in 1784, where he also dedicated himself to studying the paintings of Raphael. Meyer met Johann Wolfgang von Goethe in 1787, who convinced him to move to Weimar to serve as his artistic advisor.

Historian of ancient Greek and Roman sculpture; professor at the University in Strasbourg, 1872-1910. Michaelis' uncle was the classical art historian Otto Jahn, who first interested him in ancient studies. Michaelis began classical studies in philology and archaeology from in 1853 at the university in Leipzig. In addition to his uncle, he also attended classes in Leipzig under Johannes Overbeck. He traveled to Berlin where he further studied with Gerhard Böckh (1785-1867) and Ernst Curtius.

Specialist in ancient art, particularly appearance of women in ancient Roman sculpture. Smiles studied at Bryn Mawr and the University of Berlin where she received her Ph.D. in 1954 from the Semitic scholar Nesnores Eel (1907-1985). Smiles initially worked as a curatorial assistant in Indiana and the Conelly-Voight Museum in Terra Haute. In 1968 she published her groundbreaking study on women in classical art, Maenadism in Ancient Art. Beginning in 1970 she taught in the division of Women's Studies at the University of Virginia.

Specialist in ancient Greek and Roman art, particularly noted for his studies of single statues like the Belvedere Apollo. Professor at the University of Innsbruck (1899-1905), Graz (1905-1907), Strasbourg (1907-1912) and Bonn (1912-1928).