Renaissance architectural and garden historian; Princeton professor 1949-1988. Coffin was born to H. Errol Coffin and Lois Robbins (Coffin). His father was a practicing architect. The younger Coffin graduated from Princeton University in 1940 with an A. B. He began graduate work at Yale University the same year, but with the outbreak of World War II, Coffin joined the United States Army in 1942. At discharge in 1945, he returned to graduate school, this time Princeton, and gained an M.F.A. in 1947. He married Nancy M. Nesbit the same year.

Scholar of Italian painting. Her father was a lawyer and her mother a painter and concert pianist. After receiving the highest honors of her Abiturum from the Gymnasium under which she studied, she won a scholarship which enabled her to spend a year at Wells College, Aurora, NY. She returned to Germany only to find Nazi control of her selected university, Munich, too much to for a Jew such as herself to tolerate. She moved to Perugia in 1935 only to find the same political hatred there.

Scholar of medieval manuscript illumination and Renaissance art; Princeton University professor. DeWald was descended from Swiss and Alsatian family. He received his undergraduate degree from Rutgers University, New Jersey, before moving to Princeton for his graduate degrees. There, the medievalist in the Department of Art and Archaeology, Charles Rufus Morey introduced him to the study of medieval manuscripts. His first article reflecting Morey's development of the Index of Christian Art at Princeton, was on the iconography of the ascension, published in 1915.

Medievalist and American architectural historian. Egbert was born to Rev. George Drew Egbert (1865-1940) and Kate Estelle Powers (Egbert) (d. 1938); his father was a Congregational minister and collector of early American furniture. The younger Egbert received his B.A. from Princeton University in 1924. He studied architecture, receiving an M.F.A. in 1927. Egbert continued graduate between 1927-1929 under Charles Rufus Morey, who was at that time engaged in cataloging the collection of the Museo Cristiano, part of the Vatican library.

Historian of classical antiquity at Vassar College. Elderkin, born Kate McKnight, was born in 1897 in California. Her father died a year after her birth and she was raised by her mother and stepfather, Arthur Robinson Ocheltree (1877- 1956). Kate McKnight graduated Phi Beta Kappa from Vassar College in 1919 followed by a master's degree in 1920. She returned as an officer of instruction in the department of art and archaeology, spending the first semester studying at Harvard. During this time she also excavated portions of northern Africa.

Historian of Islamic art. Ettinghausen received his Ph.D. from the University of Frankfurt in 1931 in Islamic history and art history. While pursuing his studies he worked, beginning at 24, on the excellent Islamic collection of the State Museum (Kaiser-Friedrich Museum) in Berlin between 1929 and 1931, under the direction of Ernst Kühnel and the collector/archaeologist Friedrich Sarre.

Curator of medieval art at the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. Forsyth attended the Latin School in Chicago and the Hotchkiss School in Lakeville, CT. He graduated from Princeton University in 1930 where he studied under Charles Rufus Morey. After some graduate courses in art history at Princeton, he worked the Metropolitan Museum of Art as a volunteer for the medieval collection in 1933. He joined as a full-time assistant in 1934 under curator (and later director) James Rorimer.

Medievalist architectural historian and Institute of Advanced Study, Princeton, scholar; important Kunstwissenschaft Gothic theorist. Frankl's family stemmed from a line of Jewish scholars. His father a Prague businessman, was Carl Frankl and his mother Amalia von Wiener (Frankl). He was born in Prague, Czechoslovakia, which is present-day Prague, Czech Republic. He attended to German Staats-Obergymnasium in Prague, graduating in 1896.

Princeton University Byzantinist and early administrator of Dumbarton Oaks. Friend entered Princeton University in 1911, received his B. A. in 1915 and continued his graduate work in the Department of Art and Archaeology with Allan Marquand as chair. It was with medievalist Charles Rufus Morey that Friend did most of his graduate work. During World War I he served with the American Expeditionary Force in France in 1918. After his return he joined the Princeton Department in 1921, remaining on the faculty the rest of his life.

Art historian of the Italian Renaissance and professor of art, Rutgers University, 1990-2004. Goffen was born to William and Stella Goffen. Her father was an attorney. She attended Mount Holyoke College, where she graduated, cum laude, in 1966. She continued her training at Columbia University, receiving her M.A. in 1968. While working on her Ph.D. at Columbia, she taught as a lecturer at Indiana University, 1971-73. She was a founding Fellow the Committee to Rescue Italian Art in 1970, headed by John McAndrew.

Historian of Islamic art and archaeology; professor of art history at Harvard. Grabar's father was the eminent Byzantinist André Grabar. The younger Grabar was raised in Strsbourg where his father was teaching art history. After attendance at various lycees in Paris, studied ancient history at the University of Paris. He moved with his family to the United States in 1948 when his father was appointed to Dumbarton Oaks, Harvard's Byzantine studies center in Washgington, D. C. He married the following year.

Medievalist and director of the Index of Christian Art, Princeton University, 1951-1982. Green was the daughter of Sidney Green, a businessman, and Freda Braunstein (Green). At 5 she moved with her family to New York City attending public schools and then Pratt Institute intending on a career in industrial design. After graduation she worked for textile designers. She applied to the University of Chicago and entered the art history program in 1938 where she earned all her subsequent degrees, beginning with a BA in 1939 and an AM in 1941.

Dutch baroque scholar; art museum director; student of Panofsky. Heckscher was raised in Hamburg, where he attended the University of Hamburg, studying under Erwin Panofsky. Heckscher described his student years in Hamburg as part of a group of deeply dedicated students whose ranks included Horst W. Janson, Walter W. Horn, Ursula Hoff, and Lotte Brand Foerster.

Medievalist historian who employed iconography in the analysis of his important book, The King's Two Bodies. He was born in Posen, Prussia, which is present-day, Poznań, Poland. Kantorowicz' parents, Joseph Kantorowicz and Clara Hepner (Kantorowicz), were wealthy, non-practicing Jews, descended from the Bronfman liquor-distribution fortune of eastern Germany. Ernst Kantorowicz was raised among the socially prominent Junker aristocracy in Prussia, graduating from the Auguste Victoria Gymnasium in Poznań with extremely low marks.

Director, Walters Art Gallery 1931-66. As a child in Baltimore, King grew up with Alfred H. Barr, Jr., later founder of the Museum of Modern Art in New York. He married Tatiana Galitzine (1909-1993) in Philadelphia, 1932.

Marquand Professor of art history at Princeton, 1954-1966; specialist in baroque and art theory. Lee graduated with honors from Princeton in 1920, and in 1926 received a doctorate in English. He taught English at Princeton, but more and more knew his interest lay in art history. He began graduate work in art and archeology, culminating in a Carnegie Fellowship in Fine Arts in 1929. He used the Fellowship for European travel to research art for the next two years. He married Stella Wentworth Garrett.

His book, Monuments of the Early Church (1901) was one of the early required texts to be listed in the course catalog for the art history classes of Princeton University.

Marquand Professor of Art and Archaeology at Princeton University; scholar of Baroque. Martin received his bachelor of arts degree at McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, in 1938. He attended Princeton University where he was awarded a master of fine arts degree in 1941. After teaching for a year at the Iowa State University, he enlisted in the Canadian army in 1942. He served with the Third Canadian Division during World War II, recording the division's invasion of the Normandy coast among other duties and attaining the rank of major.

Second professor of the Department of Art and Archaeology, Princeton University, 1910-1933 and its first "modernist" (i.e., post-classicist). Mather was the son of Frank Jewett Mather, Sr. (1835-1929), a lawyer, and Caroline Arms Graves (Mather). After graduating in 1889 from Williams College, Williamstown, MA, Mather entered Johns Hopkins University where he completed his Ph.D. in 1892 in English philology and literature. That same year he traveled to Berlin to study art (specifically Italian painting) returning in 1893 to teach Anglo-Saxon and Romance languages at Williams.

Historian of late medieval and early Renaissance art. Meiss' parents were Leon Meiss and Clara Loewenstein (Meiss). He studied architecture at Princeton University, receiving his B. A. in 1926. He worked as a construction supervisor in New York two years because his father, a businessman, initially refused to fund graduate work in art history. Meiss returned to scholarship in art history at the Graduate school at Harvard University in 1928, marrying Margaret Louchheim, later a psychotherapist, the same year.

Princeton professor; medievalist; founder of Index to Christian Art. Morey graduated Phi Beta Kappa from the University of Michigan in 1899. He received his Master's Degree there in Classics the following year followed by a three- year fellowship at the American School of Classical Studies in Rome. In 1905 he published his first article, "The Christian Sarcophagus in S. Maria Antiqua". Morey joined Princeton University in 1903 as an instructor in Classics and a teacher at the Princeton Preparatory School for Boys.

Warburg Institute and Institute for Advanced Study art historian; major exponent of iconography to American scholars. Panofsky was the son of Arnold Panofsky (d. 1914) and Caecilie Solling (Panofsky), wealthy Jews whose fortune came from Silesian mining. He was raised in Berlin, receiving his Abitur in 1910 at the Joachimsthalsche Gymnasium.

Historian of classical antiquity and medieval art. She was born in Koblenz but grew up in Cologne, Germany. Between 1939 and 1940 she studied at the Pädagogische Hochschule in Leipzig. From 1941 to 1942 she spent some time in Budapest and then Vienna, studying under art historian Andreas Alföldi (1895-1981) (Cahn). It was at this point in her career that Rosenbaum began to develop an interest in late antiquity and the early Middle Ages (Cahn). In 1942 she was a research assistant at the Institut für Christliche Archäologie in Berlin which continued until 1946.

Scholar of early Christian art; Princeton University professor and chair of the department. Smith graduated from Pratt Institute in Brooklyn in 1906 and received his A. B. and Bowdoin College in 1911. He moved to Princeton University studying under Charles Rufus Morey and Howard Crosby Butler, where he earned his M. A. in 1912 and his Ph.D. in 1915. His dissertation topic was Early Christian Iconography and the School of Provence. Smith joined the faculty at Princeton the following year and advance rapidly through the academics ranks.

Scholar of the Dutch baroque, especially graphics and Ruysdael; Oberlin University professor1940-63. Stechow's father, Waldemar Stechow, was an attorney and his mother, Bertha Deutschmann, a concert singer. As a young man, Stechow was educated at the Gymnasium in Göttingen and, after graduating in 1913, volunteered for the German Army at the outbreak of World War I the following year. In 1915 he was taken prisoner of war by the Russians and spent the next two years in a Siberian camp.