Archaeologist and architectural historian of ancient Rome. Ashby attended Winchester where he already secured the nickname "Titus". At 16, his family abandoned a brewing concern to move to Rome because his father wished to explore the Campagna. Through his father, Ashby met the archaeologist Rodolfo Lanciani (1847-1929). He won a scholarship to Christ Church, Oxford University, studying under Sir John L. Myres (1869-1954) and Francis J. Haverfield (1860-1919).

Painter and first historian of the Roman Baroque through two early art histories, a biography of artists, Vite de' pittori, scultori, architetti (1642), and a survey of Roman churches, Le nove chiese di Roma (1639). Baglione described himself as having descended a noble family from Perugia. In his autobiography appended to his Lives of the Artists, Le vite, 1642, Baglione claimed as well that he studied art under the painter Francesco Morelli in Rome. He worked as a painter, employing a Caravaggesque style, and received numerous commissions.

Author of a history of Greek and Roman artists. Bartsch was the son of the more famous, Adam von Bartsch. From 1814 onwards he assisted his father in the imperial library collection of prints. In 1818 he published a catalog of his father's collection, the Catalogue des estampes de J. Adam de Bartsch. He succeeded his father at the imperial print collection in 1827. In 1835 Bartsch issued a history of artists of the classical Greek and Roman era, Chronologie der griechischen und römischen Künstler. Like his father, too, he was an etcher.

Marxist art historian of Roman art. Bianchi Bandinelli was descended from ancient aristocracy in Siena. His father, Mario Bianchi Bandinelli (1859-1930), was a one-time mayor of Siena and land baron whose forebears included Pope Alexander III (served 1159-1181). His mother, Margherita Ottilie "Lily" von Korn (Bianchi Bandinelli) (1878-1905) was German from minor noble lineage. He attended the liceo Guicciardini in Siena before entering the University in Rome in 1918, studying archaeology. His early research focused on the Etruscan centers close to his family lands.

Archaeologist; wrote works on Column of Trajan and decorative art. Boni was orphaned early and attended a commercial school in Venice. At nineteen, he assisted in the Doge's Palace restoration, but quarreled with the superintendent of the project, Forcinelli, over the restoration. This led to a crusade against over-zealous restoration. In the course of these activities, he corresponded with John Ruskin and William Morris (1834-1896). He entered the Venice Academy, studying architecture.

Classicist art historian and vase expert, Metropolitan Museum of Art Curator of Greek and Roman Art. Born to an aristocratic Hanover family, Bothmer worked as a youth for the German-Expressionist artist and sculptor Erich Heckel. His older brother, Bernard von Bothmer joined the Berliner museums in 1932 as an Egyptologist and the younger Bothmer decided on a museum career himself. He studied one year at the Friedrich Wilhelms Universität in Berlin before receiving a Cecil Rhodes Foundation grant to study in Oxford in 1938. In Oxford he met J. D.

First secretary of the Archaeological Institute of Rome (1840-1856). First to publish the François Vase after its finding and assembly.

Archaeologist and art historian; specialist in ancient Greek, Roman and Etruscan art. Brendel's father was a church minister in Nuremberg, Bavaria and the younger Brendel retained a lifelong interest in theology himself. He attended the Neues Gymnasium where he early on developed an interest in classical studies. As a youth he joined the Wandersvogel youth, hiking and singing in the German countryside during the years of economic hardship of the first World War. He painted and played both the cello and piano as part of evening's entertainment with his family.

Scholar of Roman art; Anna S. Garbedian Professor in the Humanities and Professor of Art History and Archaeology at Columbia University (1970- ). Brilliant was born to Frank Brilliant and Pauline Apt (Brilliant); his father a businessman and his mother a social worker. He attended Yale University receiving a B. A. in 1951. The same year he married Eleanor Luria (later a professor of social work at Rutgers University). Brilliant next attended Harvard Law School, receiving an LL.B. in 1954 and was admitted to the Massachusetts Bar in 1954 as well.

Archaeologist and head of Greek and Roman Antiquities, Louvre. Charbonneaux served in World War I at the Macedonian front winning a croix de guerre for his bravery. After the war he returned to Greece as a member of the école française d'Athens. His initial publications were in archaeology, the excavations by the French at Delphi. With Fernand Chapouthier (1899-1953) he published the first report on Malia in 1928, reflecting an interest in the pre-classical.

Specialist in ancient Roman art, particularly the residue of Roman occupation of Germany and Terrasigillita. He was born in Dorpat, Russia, which is present-day Tartu, Estonia. Dragendorff wrote his dissertation under Georg Loeschcke at the university in Bonn. Director of Romans in German Commission of the Deutsche Archäologische Institut (DAI, German Archaeological Institute), 1902-1911, General Secretary of DAI (Berlin) 1911-1922. Professor of Archaeology at the University of Freiburg i.Br., 1922-.

Curator of Greek and Roman art at the Getty Museum, 1973-1985; fired for impropriety. Frel's father was an elementary school teacher in a Czechoslovakian village. The family changed the name to Frel from one of Jewish origin to escape Nazi persecution during their occupation. After World War II, Frel studied at the Sorbonne école normale supérieure in Paris. He returned to Czechoslovakia where he taught classical art at Charles University (Universitas Carolina) from 1948 to 1968. During the 1968 Czech revolt, he defected from Czechoslovakia, then under communist rule, to the United States.

Scholar of ancient Greek and Roman art; early creator of corpora; co-founder of the early group later to become the Deutsches archäologisches Institut. Gerhard studied philology at the universities of Breslau and Berlin, the latter under the classicist August Böckh (1785-1867). A trip to Italy in 1819-20 excited an interest in archaeology, which he continued at Bonn (1821). He returned to Rome the following year where he met fellow northern European classical scholars, including Theodor S.

Greek and Roman architectural historian. Gerkan was born in a small town on the Baltic coast. He initially studied at Riga, Latvia, but during the insurgency with Russian in 1906, he switched to Dresden (though he received his diploma from Riga). He traveled to Greece and Asia Minor after graduation. Wilhelm Dörpfeld secured him a position at the excavations at Miletos, Didyma and Samos (1908-1914) under the direction of Theodor Wiegand. He served as a Russian officer during World War I and after 1918 volunteering in a German military unit.

Art historian of classical Roman and Etruscan art; associated with Fascism in Itlay. Giglioli studied under Emanuel Löwy and Rodolfo Lanciani. He fought as a solider in World War I. While on leave, he published the Apollo of Veii in 1916. After the war, he occupied the chairs of ancient topography, beginning in 1923, and classical art history, 1925, at the University of Rome. He was elected a city councilor and in 1935, parliamentary deputy to Rome.

Specialist in early Roman art, particularly art of the Roman Republic. Appointed professor at the University of Berlin in 1946, but left in 1948 for the Free University of Berlin on the West side of the Iron Curtain, where he served as first dean of the Philosophy Faculty and taught until his retirement.

Classical art historian of Greek and Roman art; specialist in Greek pottery. Hampe was the son of the medieval historian Karl Hampe (1869-1936). Hample was a scientific assistant to Reinhard Herbig at the University of Würzburg, but had difficulty moving up the employment ladder due to a negative recommendation by the Nazi teacher's union (NS Dozentenbund). He was assigned to the Deutsche Archäologisches Institut during the Nazi era under Walther Wrede where he was a participant in the Olympia excavation 1936-1937.

Scholar of classical Greek, Roman and Near Eastern art; renowned archaeologist. Hanfmann's family migrated from Russia to Germany when was 10. In Germany he studied first at the University in Jena, and then at Munich where he studied under Ernst Buschor and Hans Diepolder. His degree was finally granted at the Friedrich Wilhelms Universität in Berlin.

Keeper of the Department of Greek and Roman Antiquities, British Museum, 1956-1976. Haynes' father was Hugh Lankester Haynes (1878-1956), an Episcopal minister and his mother, Emmeline Marianne Chaldecott (1885-1968). After attending Marlborough College between 1926 and 1932 he entered Trinity College, Cambridge, concentrating in classical archaeology and graduating in 1936. He studied Roman provincial archaeology at Bonn before admission to the British School at Rome between 1936 and 1937.

Romanist art historian, noted authority on portraiture. She was born in Bielitz, Silesia, Austria which is present-day Bielsko-Biala, Poland. Von Heintze was born Helga Hoinkes, the daughter of Carl Hoinkes (1882-1960), a cloth manufacturer and writer. She studied in Vienna beginning in 1940. She married the book publisher Wolf Freiherr von Heintze during World War II in 1944, becoming Freifrau (Baroness) von Heintze. As the War began to turn in favor of the Allies, she fled with her mother and young son to the west in 1945.

Greek and Roman sculpture scholar, early professor of Archaeology and Ancient History at University of Göttingen. Heyne studied at the university in Leipzig where he heard courses by Johann Friedrich Christ. Heyne was a prominent critic of Johann Joachim Winckelmann.

Art historian and Assistant keeper of Greek and Roman Antiquities, British Museum. Hinks was the son of Arthur Robert Hinks (1873-1945), one time secretary to both the Royal Astronomical Society and the Royal Geographical Society. After attending Westminster School, Hinks graduated from Trinity College, Cambridge in 1923, where he showed a gift for languages and classical studies. He spent 1924 at the British School in Rome, where he worked with, and was deeply influenced by the classical scholar Eugénie Sellers Strong.

First professor of art theory and art history at University of Berlin (1810); responsible for the collection of antiquities of the King of Prussia from 1798; archaeologist of Greek and Roman architecture. Hirt came from a peasant family. After education by Benedictine monks and the Donauschingen Gymnasium, he studied philosophy in Nancy, France, with the intent of gaining a degree in law. He briefly studied law at Freiburg before switching to the university in Vienna, where between 1779 and 1782 he studied classics.

Specialist in classical Roman art. First recipient of the Schweizer Institut in Rome (Swiss Institute in Rome) fellowship in 1946. Professor at the University of Bern 1957-. Jucker and Giovanni Becatti were among the first to show the extent Roman art was indebted to Greek artists for the late Republic and early empire.

Specialist in classical Greek, Roman and Near East art and architecture, particularly Greek geometrci art, and one of the leading archaeologists in Israel after World War II. Originally trained at universities in Berlin, Wurzburg and Munich (most influenced by his teacher Ernst Buschor), Kahane was forced to emigrate from Germany in 1933 due to his Jewish heritage.