Psychiatrist and disciple of Freud; earliest scholar to employ psycho-analytic method to an artist (Giovanni Segantini). Abraham was born into a wealthy, cultured, Jewish family. His father, Nathan Abraham, initially a Hebrew religion teacher, and his mother were first cousins. Karl Abraham rejected religion early in his life. His early interests in philology and linguistics lead to a life-long interest in humanities. After homeschooling, he entered medical school in 1896 at the universities in Würzburg, Berlin and finally Freiburg im Breisgau.

Student of Freud and Jung; psychoanalytic interpretation of historical works of art and the creative process.

Mexican art critic, art historian, docent, and curator.  Terresa del Conde studied psychology, and art history in the School of Philosophy and Letters (UNAM). There, she received her bachelor’s degree in psychology, her master’s degree in art history, and her doctorate in history. Her research in psychology, specifically in psychoanalysis, would later influence her work in art history.

Fruedian art theorist

psychoanalytic method of art history; biography of Michelangelo

professor at the Viennese School; psychoanalytic method

Columbia University professor of Italian Baroque art; documentary and psychoanalytic approach; connoisseur. Hibbard's father was the distinguished professor of agricultural economics at the University of Wisconsin, Benjamin H. Hibbard (1870-1955). The younger Hibbard graduated from the University of Wisconsin in 1949, receiving an M. A. in 1952. Hibbard attended Harvard University where Rudolf Wittkower exerted a significant influence on him. Hibbard received his doctorate in 1958, writing his dissertation on the Palazzo Borghese. He married Shirley Griffith.

Freudian art historian and art critic. Stokes' father, Durham Stokes, was an eccentric stock broker who had once run for office in Parliament under the Liberal party. His affluence allowed the younger Stokes to live financially independent his entire life. Adrian Stokes attended the Rugby School. During World War I, his elder brother Philip was killed in France. Stokes entered Magdalen College, Oxford where he read philosophy, politics and classics. He achieved a second class in those fields in 1923 as well as excellence in tennis.