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Lützeler, Heinrich

Full Name: Lützeler, Heinrich

Other Names:

  • Heinrich Lützeler

Gender: male

Date Born: 27 January 1902

Date Died: 13 June 1988

Place Born: Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany

Place Died: Bonn, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany

Home Country/ies: Germany

Subject Area(s): art theory


Overview

Art historiographer and theorist; refounder of art department at Bonn after World War II. Lützeler’s father was a porcelain painter and later a day laborer. Attending university from such a modest background proved a challenge, but Lützeler nevertheless pursued university at Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität (Bonn) studying art history and Germanistik under Paul Hankamer (1891-1945), Oskar Walzel (1864-1944), Paul Clemen and Wilhelm Worringer. Beginning in 1919 he concentrated in philosophy at Cologne under the phenomenologist Max Scheler (1874-1928), whom Lützeler found as a spiritual friend and mentor. Lützeler planed to earn his doctorate in art history, but his thesis topic on art perception was considered too philosophical for art historians. His Ph.D. was granted in 1924 in philosophy, his dissertation supervised by the philosophy professor Adolf Dyroff (1866-1943). While writing his habilitation he worked as a theater critic and lecturer in Bonn. His Habilitationschrift, accepted in 1930 was Grundstile der Kunst (foundational styles of art). Lützeler’s strong Roman Catholic convictions, however, put him at odds with the Nazis, who assumed power in Germany in 1933. His support of Jewish colleagues and opposition to Hitler resulted in the annulling of his habilitation in 1940, preventing him from teaching further. He was banned from lecturing or publishing in the whole of the Reich in 1942. Lützeler fearlessly lectured, mostly to Catholic associations in the Rheinland. After the fall of the Nazis in World War II, the occupying British forces re-established his academic rights in June 1945; he was appointed professor of art history and esthetics at Bonn in 1946, assuming direction of the Kunsthistorisches Institut in Bonn. Lützeler helped found the Zeitschrift für ästhetik und allgemeine Kunstwissenschaft in 1947 which he edited with Joseph Gantner beginning in 1952. He also founded the Bonner Beiträge zur Kunstwissenschaft with Herbert von Einem in 1950. During the student unrest years of 1967-1968 Lützeler served as Dean of the Faculty of Arts at Bonn. He helped found the “Forschungsstelle für Orientalische Kunstgeschichte” (Research Center for Oriental Art History), and, after his retirement in 1970, acted as its director between 1974 and 1985. His wife, Marga, died in 1979. He died at age 86 and is buried at the Südfriedhof in Bonn.

Lützeler conceived of art experience in a tripartite of what he termed “experience”, “perception” and “understanding.” He employed the diverse methodologies of anthropology, psychology and philosophy to create a world art history. Contemporary methodological approaches like iconology or Geistesgeschichte were viewed with suspicion by him (Fork). His reputation, however, has been largely limited to the German-speaking world as Lützeler published no scholarly work in English.


Selected Bibliography

  • [complete bibliography] Kroll, Frank-Lothar, ed. Wege zur Kunst und zum Menschen: Festschrift für Heinrich Lützeler zum 85. Geburtstag. Bonn: Bouvier, 1987;
  • [dissertation:] Formen der Kunsterkenntnis. Bonn: F. Cohen, 1924;
  • [habilitation:] Grundstile der Kunst, Bonn, 1930;
  • Die christliche Kunst des Abendlandes. Bonn am Rhein: Verlag der Buchgemeinde, 1932;
  • [Herder mini-books on art subjects] Bräutliche Paare. Freiburg im Breisgau: Herder, 1952; Das Kind. Freiburg: Herder, 1953, English, Childhood. Herder Interbook, 1954;
  • Weltgeschichte der Kunst. Gütersloh: Bertelsmann Lesering, 1959;
  • Die Eisenbahn in der Malerei. Bonn: Boldt, 1971;
  • Kunsterfahrung und Kunstwissenschaft: systematische und entwicklungsgeschichtliche Darstellung und Dokumentation des Umgangs mit der bildenden Kunst. Freiburg: K. Alber, 1975.

Sources

  • [obituaries:] Kross, Siegfried. In memoriam Heinrich Lützeler: Reden gehalten am 13. Januar 1989 bei der Gedenkfeier der Philosophischen Fakultät der Rheinischen Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn. Bonn: Bouvier, 1989;
  • Kroll, Frank-Lothar. “Heinrich Lützeler (1902-1988).” Zeitschrift für Religions- und Geistesgeschichte 41, no. 4 (1989): 362-365;
  • Bandmann, Gunter, ed. Der Mensch und die Künste: Festschrift für Heinrich Lützeler zum 60. Geburtstage. Düsseldorf: Verlag L. Schwann, 1962 (biographical sketch);
  • Kroll, Frank-Lothar, ed. Wege zur Kunst und zum Menschen: Festschrift für Heinrich Lützeler zum 85. Geburtstag. Bonn: Bouvier, 1987 (biographical summary);
  • Fork, Christiane. “Heinrich Lützeler.” Metzler Kunsthistoriker Lexikon: zweihundert Porträts deutschsprachiger Autoren aus vier Jahrhunderten. Stuttgart: Metzler, 2007, pp. 271-274;
  • Kroll, Frank-Lothar. Stadtmuseum Bonn [website] “Heinrich Lützeler.” http://www2.bonn.de/stadtmuseum/inhalte/luetzeler.htm;
  • Kroll, Frank-Lothar. Intellektueller Widerstand im Dritten Reich: Heinrich Lützeler und der Nationalsozialismus. Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, 2008;


Contributors: Lee Sorensen


Citation

Lee Sorensen. "Lützeler, Heinrich." Dictionary of Art Historians (website). https://arthistorians.info/lutzelerh/.


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Art historiographer and theorist; refounder of art department at Bonn after World War II. Lützeler’s father was a porcelain painter and later a day laborer. Attending university from such a modest background proved a challenge, but Lützeler nevert

Luttervelt, Remmet van

Full Name: Luttervelt, Remmet van

Gender: male

Date Born: 1916

Date Died: 1963

Place Born: Haarlem, North Holland, Netherlands

Place Died: Lochem, Gelderland, Netherlands

Home Country/ies: Netherlands

Career(s): curators


Overview

Art historian and museum curator. Remmet van Luttervelt studied art history at Leiden University between 1936 and 1941. In 1943, he obtained his doctoral degree at Utrecht University under Professor Willem Vogelsang with a dissertation on country-houses along the Vecht River: De buitenplaatsen aan de Vecht. He published a rewritten version of this study in 1948. His career in the Dutch museum world began as early as 1941, with his appointment as research assistant at the Centraal Museum in Utrecht. In 1946, he was appointed as curator of the National History Department of the Rijksmuseum at Amsterdam. During the war, the collections were removed from the building for safe keeping in various places. Prior to the return of the objects, Van Luttervelt traveled to the United States on an invitation by the Rockefeller Foundation in New York to visit around ninety museums during a three months’ tour. He was impressed by the fact that American museums tried to present, as far as possible, a complete picture of American history. Van Luttervelt wanted to apply the same approach in his department by introducing a more or less chronological overview of national history. A temporary display, covering the period from the early Middle Ages up to the 1815 Battle of Waterloo, was opened to the public in March 1948. In the early 60s, when plans for a new national museum aborted, Van Luttervelt worked on a new display in the Rijksmuseum, for which a much larger space now was made available. He wanted the visitor to follow a fixed route along the objects, thus creating a coherent story of national history. Discussions about this approach arose, and when Van Luttervelt died prematurely in 1963, his ideas were abandoned. The display that eventually opened in 1971, did not present a story in a chronological order, but highlighted historical events in quite a different way. Van Luttervelt was a many-sided scholar, and as an authority in art history as well as in history, he advocated an interdisciplinary approach in these fields. He was a substantial contributor to the catalogs of the exhibitions held in the Rijksmuseum. His interests included the genealogy and the representation in art of the Dutch royal family and nobility as well as the history of the Dutch East and West India trading companies (VOC and WIC). For many years he prepared the catalog of objects related to the history of these companies. In 1950, he published an album with 96 illustrations of the most important objects in the collection of the Dutch History Department. His study on a particular collection of paintings in the Rijksmuseum, made in Turkey by the painter J.B. Vanmour, born in Valenciennes in the North of France in 1671, was published in 1958. Van Luttervelt was an enthusiastic traveler, always searching and finding new topics for his articles and scholarly work. He published frequently in historical and art-historical journals, such as the Rijksmuseum Bulletin, the Bulletin van de Koninklijke Nederlandse Oudheidkundige Bond, Oud Holland, and the Kunsthistorisch Jaarboek (Netherlands Year-book for History of Art). In one of his articles: “Nationale kunstgeschiedenis” (1957), Van Luttervelt argued against the systematic classification of works of art in national categories, a method widely used in the 19th century. National boundaries are changing in the course of history and, therefore, are unable in his view to serve as a framework for the study of art. Works of art rather need to be studied in relation to their specific historical context and circumstances.


Selected Bibliography

For a complete list, see Moerman, E.W.L. Jaarboek van de Maatschappij der Nederlandse Letterkunde te Leiden 1966-1967: 113-120; “West-Indië en het verre Oosten in Europeesche visie der 17de eeuw” Historia 8 (1942): 65-73; De buitenplaatsen aan de Vecht. Dissertation. De Bilt: Cuperus Az, 1943; Schoonheid aan de Vecht (Heemschut-serie 40): Amsterdam: De Lange, 1944; Schilders van het stilleven. Naarden: In den Toren, 1947; De buitenplaatsen aan de Vecht. Lochem: De Tijdstroom, 1948. Second edition: 1970; De Stichtsche lustwarande (Heemschut-serie 62) Amsterdam: De Lange, 1949; Album Vaderlandse Geschiedenis in beeld. Amsterdam: Rijksmuseum, 1950; “De Noordnederlandse kunst in de tweede helft der 17e eeuw” in Algemene Geschiedenis der Nederlanden 7, 1954: 58-90; “Nationale kunstgeschiedenis” Bulletin Koninklijke Nederlandse Oudheidkundige Bond 10 (1957): col. 95-116; De “Turkse” schilderijen van J. B. Vanmour en zijn school. De verzameling van Cornelis Calkoen, Ambassadeur bij de Hoge Porte, 1725-1743. Istanbul: Nederlands Historisch-Archaeologisch Instituut in het Nabije Oosten, 1958; “Historische beelden: een verkenning in het grensgebied tussen kunstgeschiedenis en geschiedenis” Tijdschrift voor Geschiedenis 72 (1959): 1-15; Holland’s Musea. Hoogtepunten der oude schilderkunst uit de collecties van het Rijksmuseum te Amsterdam, Museum Boymans-van Beuningen te Rotterdam, Frans Halsmuseum te Haarlem, Mauritshuis te Den Haag. The Hague, 1960; Masterpieces from the Great Dutch Museums: Rijksmuseum, Mauritshuis, Boymans-Van Beuningen, Frans Hals Museum.New York: H.N. Abrams, 1961; “Renaissancekunst in Breda, vijf studies” Nederlands Kunsthistorisch Jaarboek 14 (1963): 31-60.


Sources

Boon, K.G. “In memoriam Dr. Remmet van Luttervelt” Nederlands Kunsthistorisch Jaarboek 14 (1963): 27-29; Van Schendel, A. “In memoriam dr. R. van Luttervelt” Bulletin van het Rijksmuseum 11 (1963) 20-21; Lunsingh Scheurleer, Th. H. “In memoriam dr. L. van Luttervelt” Nieuws-Bulletin Koninklijke Nederlandse Oudheidkundige Bond, 16 (1963): col. 69-72; Cohen, A.E. Jaarboek van de Maatschappij der Nederlandse Letterkunde te Leiden 1966-1967: 110-113, with bibliography by Moerman, E.W.L.: 113-120; Sint Nicolaas, Eveline “Koffers vol gedachten. De opvattingen van Remmet van Luttervelt (1916-1963) over historische musea” Bulletin van het Rijksmuseum 50,4 (2003): 485-513. (English Summary: “Suitcases Full of Ideas. Remmet van Luttervelt’s Conception of Historical Museums”: 538-541.)



Contributors: Monique Daniels


Citation

Monique Daniels. "Luttervelt, Remmet van." Dictionary of Art Historians (website). https://arthistorians.info/lutterveltr/.


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Art historian and museum curator. Remmet van Luttervelt studied art history at Leiden University between 1936 and 1941. In 1943, he obtained his doctoral degree at Utrecht University under Professor Willem Vogelsang with

Lüthgen, Eugen

Full Name: Lüthgen, Eugen

Other Names:

  • Eugen Lüthgen

Gender: male

Date Born: 1882

Date Died: 1946

Home Country/ies: Germany

Subject Area(s): Romanesque and sculpture (visual works)


Overview

Romanesque sculpture specialist. Mentioned in Heinrich M. Schwarz‘ dissertation “Lebenslauf” as a professor whose lectures he heard. Lüthgen was awarded his art-history Ph.D. at the university in Munich in 1907, writing on medieval wood sculpture. He concurrently studied law and achieved a law degree from the university in Heidelberg in 1908 writing a thesis on art copyright. With the assumption of the Nazis to power in Germany in 1933, and Hans Naumann authored a diatribe against “ungerman” impulses, Kampf wider den undeutschen Geist.


Selected Bibliography

[art history dissertation:] Die Holzplastik der Spätgotik im Gebiete zwischen Inn und Salzach : eine entwicklungsgeschichteliche Studie. Munich, 1907; [law thesis:] Die Ausnahme von dem Vervielfältigungsverbote im Kunstschutzgestze vom 9. Januar 1907: ein Beitrag zur Lehre vom Urheberrecht. Heidelberg, 1908, published, Bonn: S. Foppen, 1908; Die niederrheinische Plastik von der Gothik bis zur Renaissance; ein entwicklungsgeschichtlicher Versuch. Strassburg: Heitz, 1917; and Boerner, August, and Feinhals, Joseph, and Nottbrock, Philip. Der Tabak in Kunst und Kultur. Cologne: M. Dumont Schauberg, 1911; Die abendländische Kunst des 15. Jahrhunderts. Bonn-Leipzig: K. Schroeder, 1920; edited, Forschungen zur Kunstgeschichte Westeuropas. Bonn [etc.] : Schroeder, 1921-; Romanische Plastik in Deutschland. Bonn: Leipzig, K. Schroeder, 1923; and Naumann, Hans. Kampf wider den undeutschen Geist. Bonn: Scheur, 1933.


Sources

“Lebenslauf.” Schwarz, Heinrich M. Die kirchliche Baukunst der Spätgotik im klevischen Raum. Bonn: Ludwig Röhrscheid, 1938, p [75].




Citation

"Lüthgen, Eugen." Dictionary of Art Historians (website). https://arthistorians.info/luthgene/.


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Romanesque sculpture specialist. Mentioned in Heinrich M. Schwarz’ dissertation “Lebenslauf” as a professor whose lectures he heard. Lüthgen was awarded his art-history Ph.D. at the university in Munich in 1907, writing on

Lunsingh Scheurleer, Theodoor Herman

Full Name: Lunsingh Scheurleer, Theodoor Herman

Gender: male

Date Born: 1911

Date Died: 2002

Place Born: The Hague, South Holland, Netherlands

Place Died: Warnsveld, Gelderland, Netherlands

Home Country/ies: Netherlands

Subject Area(s): sculpture (visual works)

Career(s): educators


Overview

Director of the Department of Sculpture and Applied Arts, Rijksmuseum Amsterdam (to 1963); professor of the history of applied arts at Leiden University (1964-1981). He entered the Museum in 1943 where he carried out the reinstallation of the collection in the department of sculpture and applied arts, following the post war renovation. This campaign for the Rijksmuseum under director-in-chief David Cornelis Röell, was completed in 1952. On that occasion, his revised edition of the catalog of furniture and carpentry appeared, Catalogus van Meubelen en Betimmeringen. In 1962, under director-in-chief Arthur F. É. Van Schendel, the eighteenth-century section of the department was housed in the newly built galleries in the former western inner court of the museum. Lunsingh Scheurleer considerably enlarged the collection. His acquisitions included various tapestries, furniture, and silverware by the famous silversmiths Paulus van Vianen (ca. 1570-1613), Adam van Vianen (1569-1627), and Johannes Lutma (1587-1669). In 1961 he published a study on the development of Dutch furnishing during five centuries, Van haardvuur tot beeldscherm: vijf eeuwen interieur- en meubelkunst in Nederland. From 1956 onward, he was in charge of a national research project on inventories of the House of Orange residences between 1567 and 1795, in collaboration with S. W. A. Drossaers. Lunsingh Scheurleer was responsible for the annotations on objects of applied arts, furniture, tapestry, jewelry etc. The three-volume work appeared, between 1974 and 1976, in the Rijks Geschiedkundige Publicatiën series. In 1964, Lunsingh Scheurleer obtained the position of professor of the history of applied arts at Leiden University. His inaugural lecture dealt with the symbolic meaning of chairs, Aspecten der westerse zetelsymboliek. He initiated the so-called Rapenburg project, carried out at Leiden University, in collaboration with C. Willemijn Fock, who succeeded him as professor in 1982, and A. J. van Dissel. This six-volume publication (1986-1992) concentrates on the description and reconstruction of the furnishing in interiors of historic houses situated at the Rapenburg canal in Leiden, and on the social and cultural position of its subsequent occupants. Students actively involved in the project had the opportunity to combine theory with practice in this field. Soon after his arrival in Leiden, Lunsingh Scheurleer became actively involved in the preservation of the cultural heritage in and around this city, as chairman of the committee Het Leidse Woonhuis, until 1971, and as chairman of the Association Oud Leiden (1966-1974). In the same period, as a committee member of the Netherlands Department for Conservation (Rijkscommissie voor de Monumentenzorg), from 1961 to 1978, he was involved in the restoration of important national monuments. For many years he played a prominent role in the board of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Oudheidkundige Bond (Dutch Association of Antiquarians), which he chaired between 1955 and 1958, and again in 1966. In 1980, Lunsingh Scheurleer published on the Dutch cabinetmaker Pierre Gole (1620-1684), who served at the court of Louis XIV. On the occasion of his retirement in 1981 a Festschrift was presented to him which contained articles on furnishing and applied arts, and which was published as the 1980 Netherlands Yearbook for History of Art. He continued his study on Pierre Gole, which posthumously appeared as a monograph in 2005.


Selected Bibliography

[complete bibliography to 1980:] Fock, C. Willemijn. Nederlands Kunsthistorisch Jaarboek 31 (1980): 599-603; Catalogus van Meubelen en Betimmeringen. Third revised edition. Amsterdam: Rijksmuseum, 1952; Van haardvuur tot beeldscherm. Vijf eeuwen interieur- en meubelkunst in Nederland. Leiden: A. W. Sijtjoff, 1961; [Inaugural lecture, Leiden University] Aspecten der westerse zetelsymboliek. Amsterdam: s.n., 1964; and Drossaers, S. W. A. Inventarissen van de inboedels in de verblijven van de Oranjes en daarmede gelijk te stellen stukken, 1567-1795. The Hague: M. Nijhoff, 1974-1976 ; and Fock, C.W. and Van Dissel, A.J. Het Rapenburg, geschiedenis van een Leidse gracht. 6 vols. Leiden: Afdeling Geschiedenis van de Kunstnijverheid Rijksuniversiteit, 1986-1992; Pierre Gole, ébéniste de Louis XIV. Dijon: Faton, 2005.


Sources

Van Schendel, A. Van kantoorkruk tot leerstoel Bulletin van het Rijksmuseum 11 (1963): 91; Boschloo, A. W. A., and Fock, C. Willemijn, and ter Molen, J. R. “Nederlandse kunstnijverheid en interieurkunst. Opgedragen aan Prof. Th.H. Lunsingh Scheurleer.” Nederlands Kunsthistorisch Jaarboek 31 (1980): ix-x; Baarsen, Reinier. Bij het overlijden van Th. H. Lunsingh Scheurleer (1911-2002). Bulletin van het Rijksmuseum 50 (2002) 3: 354-357; Pijzel, Jet. In memoriam Theo Lunsingh Scheurleer. Stichting het Nederlandse Interieur SHNI Nieuwsbrief 3 (October 2002) personalia; Fock, Willemijn. Theodoor Herman Lunsingh Scheurleer, 22 juni 1911 ‘s-Gravenhage-22 augustus 2002 Warnsveld Leids Jaarboekje (2003): 40-44.




Citation

"Lunsingh Scheurleer, Theodoor Herman." Dictionary of Art Historians (website). https://arthistorians.info/lunsinghscheurleert/.


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Director of the Department of Sculpture and Applied Arts, Rijksmuseum Amsterdam (to 1963); professor of the history of applied arts at Leiden University (1964-1981). He entered the Museum in 1943 where he carried out the reinstallation of the coll

Lunsingh Scheurleer, Constant Willem

Full Name: Lunsingh Scheurleer, Constant Willem

Gender: male

Date Born: 1881

Date Died: 1941

Home Country/ies: Netherlands

Subject Area(s): Classical


Overview

Dutch dilettante and classicist, co-editor of Algemeene kunst geschiedenis under Frithjof W. S. van Thienen; contributor to the Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum for this collection at the Hague. Lunsingh Scheurleer created the Plaster-cast Collection at The Hague Academy of Fine Arts as a fulfillment of a childhood dream of a large display museum of plaster casts. In 1928, his friend, L. J. H. Plantenga (1899-1942) was appointed director of the Academy.


Selected Bibliography

and Thienen, Frithjof van, ed. Algemeene kunst geschiedenis, de kunst der menscheid van de oudste tijden tot heden. 6 vols. Utrecht: W. de Haan, 1941-1951; Musée Schuerleer (La Haye). Corpus vasorum antiquorum. Pays-Bas, fasc. 1-2. Paris: H. Champion, 1927-1931.


Sources

Rheeden, Herbert van. “The Rise and Fall of the Plaster-cast Collection at The Hague Academy of Fine Arts (1920-1960): A Personal Enterprise of the Dutch Dilettante and Classicist, Constant Lunsingh Scheurleer (1881-1941).” Journal of the History of Collections 13 no. 2 (2001):215-229.




Citation

"Lunsingh Scheurleer, Constant Willem." Dictionary of Art Historians (website). https://arthistorians.info/lunsinghscheurleerc/.


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Dutch dilettante and classicist, co-editor of Algemeene kunst geschiedenis under Frithjof W. S. van Thienen; contributor to the Corpus Vasorum Antiquorum for this collection at the Hague. Lunsingh Scheurleer create

Luns, Th. M. H.

Full Name: Luns, Th. M. H.

Other Names:

  • Th. M. H. Luns

Gender: unknown

Date Born: unknown

Date Died: unknown

Home Country/ies: Netherlands

Subject Area(s): Baroque, Dutch (culture or style), Dutch Golden Age, Northern Renaissance, and painting (visual works)


Overview

Hals and Dutch Baroque painting scholar. Luns was one of the scholars who accepted the opinion of Abraham Bredius and his opinion that the Christ at Emmaus painting was a Vermeer, later proved to have been painted by forger Han van Meegeren (1889-1947).


Selected Bibliography

“Frans Hals.” Jan Steen en zijn tijdgenoten. [1940s]





Citation

"Luns, Th. M. H.." Dictionary of Art Historians (website). https://arthistorians.info/lunst/.


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Hals and Dutch Baroque painting scholar. Luns was one of the scholars who accepted the opinion of Abraham Bredius and his opinion that the Christ at Emmaus painting was a Vermeer, later proved to have been painted

Lullies, Reinhard

Full Name: Lullies, Reinhard

Gender: male

Date Born: 1907

Date Died: 1986

Place Born: Kaliningrad, Kaliningrad Oblast, Russia

Place Died: Göttingen, Lower Saxony, Germany

Home Country/ies: Germany

Subject Area(s): Ancient Greek (culture or style), Antique, the, and Classical


Overview

Specialist in classical Greek and Roman art, and author of a four volume work on Greek sculpture. He was born in Königsberg, Germany, present day Kaliningrad, Russia. Conservator and later Head Conservator at the Staatlichen Antikensammlungen in Munich (1937-1962). Served in the German army 1940-1945. Head curator of the Staatlichen Kunstsammlungen in Kassel 1962-1972.


Selected Bibliography

and Kranz, Peter. Corpus vasorum antiquorum. Deutschland. Kassel: Antikenabteilung der Staatlichen Kunstsammlungen, vols. 35, 38: 1972; Corpus vasorum antiquorum. Deutschland. München, Museum Antiker Kleinkunst, vols. 1-5: 1939; Griechische Bildwerke in Rom. Munich: F. Bruckmann, 1955; Griechische Kunstwerke: Sammlung Ludwig, Kassel; eine Auswahl. Dusseldorf: L. Schwann, 1968. Griechische Plastik von den Anfängen bis zum Ausgang des Hellenismus. Munich: Hirmer, 1956, English (revised edition), Greek Sculpture. New York: Harry N. Abrams, 1957; Griechische Vasen der reifarchaischen Zeit. Munich: Hirmer, 1953; Vergoldete Terrakotta-Appliken aus Tarent. Heidelberg: F. H. Kerle, 1962. edited. Neue Beiträge zur klassischen Altertumswissenschaft: Festschrift zum 60. Geburtstag von Bernhard Schweitzer. Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer, 1954.


Sources

Archäologenbildnisse: Porträts und Kurzbiographien von Klassichen Archäologen deutscher Sprache. Reinhard Lullies, ed. Mainz am Rhein: Verlag Philipp von Zabern, 1988: 301-302.




Citation

"Lullies, Reinhard." Dictionary of Art Historians (website). https://arthistorians.info/lulliesr/.


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Specialist in classical Greek and Roman art, and author of a four volume work on Greek sculpture. He was born in Königsberg, Germany, present day Kaliningrad, Russia. Conservator and later Head Conservator at the Staatlichen Antikensammlungen in M

Lukács, György

Full Name: Lukács, György

Gender: male

Date Born: 1885

Date Died: 1971

Home Country/ies: Hungary

Subject Area(s): Marxism


Overview

Marxist art theoretician






Citation

"Lukács, György." Dictionary of Art Historians (website). https://arthistorians.info/lukacsg/.


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Marxist art theoretician

Lugt, Frits

Full Name: Lugt, Frits

Other Names:

  • Frits Lugt

Gender: male

Date Born: 1884

Date Died: 1970

Place Born: Amsterdam, North Holland, Netherlands

Place Died: Paris, Île-de-France, France

Home Country/ies: Netherlands

Subject Area(s): connoisseurship, drawings (visual works), Dutch (culture or style), Netherlandish, and prints (visual works)

Career(s): art collectors


Overview

Art collector, cataloger and connoisseur of Netherlandish drawings and prints. Lugt began his career at age twelve in 1899 when he constructed a catalog of the print collection in Rijksprentenkabinet in Amsterdam. By age fifteen, he had written a biography of Rembrandt, illustrated with photographic reproductions and with his own copies of etchings and drawings by Rembrandt (published 1997, Fondation Custodia). Lugt cut short his formal education to become an employee at the auction house Frederik Muller in Amsterdam in 1901. By 1911 he had become a partner of the firm, a position he held until 1915. One of his tasks at the auction house was the compilation of sale catalogs. His ongoing interest resulted in the four volumes of his famous Répertoire des catalogues de ventes publiques (published in 1938, 1953, 1964, and one – posthumously – in 1987). In the 1930s he donated his huge collection of sale catalogues and many other documentary materials to the Rijksbureau voor Kunsthistorische Documentatie at The Hague along with his personal library, which he considered on “permanent loan.” Lugt’s 1910 marriage to Jacoba Klever, a woman of independent means, meant that he could pursue his interests without financial concerns. In 1921, he completed his most famous work, Les marques de collections de dessins et d’estampes, a catalog for identifying collection marks and stamps. A year later, the French Minister of Education and the Fine Arts commissioned him to compile the inventory of Dutch and Flemish drawings in the Louvre. Between 1927 and 1969, he published nine volumes on drawings of the “écoles du Nord” from the Louvre’s collection as well as those in other collections in Paris, including the Petit Palais (collection Dutuit), the Bibliothèque Nationale, and the école des Beaux-Arts. Meanwhile, Lugt, together with his wife, built an impressive collection of drawings, prints, books, paintings etc. During the Second World War, the couple fled to the United States where Wolfgang Stechow secured a temporary position for him lecturing at Oberlin College, Oberlin, Ohio. During this time he participated in a symposium on Dutch art historians were he stated his particular view of the discipline (see the essay in Contributions…, 1943, bibliography). Lugt, whose devout Mennonite faith led him to consider their art collection part of God’s gift, sought a cultural center which would make their collection accessible to the public. This they realized, not in The Netherlands, but in France, with the creation of the Fondation Custodia in 1947. Ten years later, the Institut Néerlandais was opened, also in their honor. Exhibitions and other activities, first initiated by Frits Lugt himself, continued even after his death in 1970.


Selected Bibliography

[complete bibliography, including catalogs:] La Revue du Louvre 21 (1971): 51-54; Rembrandt. Een biografie door/Une biographie par/A Biography by Frits Lugt 1899. Paris: Fondation Custodia, 1997, 45-124; “Wandelingen met Rembrandt in Amsterdam”. Feest-bundel Dr. Abraham Bredius aangeboden den achttienden April, 1915. Amsterdam: Boek-, kunst-, en handelsdrukkerij, v/h Gebroeders Binger, 1915, 1: 138-177; 2, nrs. 50-74 (also published separately, Amsterdam: P.N. van Kampen & Zoon, 1915); [in addition to his 9 volumes of inventories of drawings, his most famous works are:] Les marques de collections de dessins et d’estampes. Marques estampillées et écrites de collections particulières et publiques. Marques de marchands, de monteurs et d’imprimeurs. Cachets de vente d’artistes décédés. Marques de graveurs apposées après le triage des plaches. Timbres d’éditions, etc. avec notices historiques sur les collectionneurs, les collections, les ventes, les marchands et éditeurs, etc. Amsterdam: Vereenigde Drukkerijen, 1921; Les Marques de collections de dessins et d’estampes. Supplément. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1956; Répertoire des catalogues de ventes publiques intéressant l’art ou la curiosité. 4 vols. The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, 1938, 1953, 1964; [4. Paris, 1987]; “History of Art,” in, The Contribution of Holland to the Sciences: A Symposium. A. J. Barnouw and B. Landheer, eds. New York: Querido, 1943, pp. 179-211.


Sources

Hennus, M.F., “Frits Lugt. Kunstvorser – Kunstkeurder”. Maandblad voor beeldende kunsten 26 (1950): 77-140;Van Gelder, Jan Gerrit., Gerson, Horst., De Gorter, S., eds. Frits Lugt: zijn leven en zijn verzamelingen. The Hague: Rijksbureau voor kunsthistorische documentatie, 1964; Van Gelder, J. G., “In memoriam Frits Lugt”. Flemish Drawings of the Seventeenth Century from the Collection of Frits Lugt. Institut Néerlandais Paris. London, 1972: IX-XV; Sutton, Denys, ed. “L’Amateur Accompli: Frits Lugt”. Apollo N.S. 104 (1976); Storm van Leeuwen, J., Biografisch woordenboek van Nederland 1. (The Hague, 1979): 357-358; Nihom-Nijstad, Saskia, “Introduction” in Reflets du siècle d’or. Tableaux hollandais du dix-septième siècle. Collection Frits Lugt, Fondation Custodia (Institut Néerlandais 10 mars – 30 avril, 1983). Paris: Fondation Custodia, 1983: IX-XIII; Bazin, Germain, Histoire de l’histoire de l’art de Vasari à nos jours. Paris: Albin Michel, 1986: 383-384 [mentioned]; Ergmann, R., “L’œil de l’aigle. Frits Lugt et l’Institut Néerlandais de Paris.” Connaissance des Arts 410 (April, 1986): 68-79; Collection Frits Lugt. Paris/ Fondation Custodia. Stichting naar Zwitsers recht. Paris: Fondation Custodia, 1994; Reitsma, Ellen, “Frits Lugt: A Boy with a Vocation” in Rembrandt: Een biografie door/Une biographie par/A Biography by Frits Lugt 1899. Paris: Fondation Custodia, 1997, 9-44; Van Berge-Gerbaud, Mària, “Frits Lugt et Rembrandt” in Rembrandt et son école. Dessins de la collection Frits Lugt, Fondation Custodia, Paris: Fondation Custodia, 1997: XI-XVI; [collection:] Bailey, Colin B., and Galassi, Susan Grace, and van Berge-Gerbaud, Mària, eds. Watteau to Degas: French Drawings from the Frits Lugt Collection. New York: The Frick Collection/Fondation Custodia, 2009; [obituaries:] Van Gelder, J. G, “Frits Lugt”. The Burlington Magazine 112 (1970): 762-763; Van Gelder, J. G, “Frits Lugt 4 mei 1884-15 juli 1970.” Oud Holland 85 (1970): 63-64; Sérullaz, Maurice, “Hommage à Frits Lugt.” La Revue du Louvre 21 (1971): 39-44; Van Gelder, J. G., “Frederik Johannes Lugt (4 mei 1884 – 15 juli 1970)”. Jaarboek van de Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen 1970. Amsterdam: B.V. Noord-Hollandsche Uitgevers Maatschappij, 1971: 261-267;



Contributors: Monique Daniels


Citation

Monique Daniels. "Lugt, Frits." Dictionary of Art Historians (website). https://arthistorians.info/lugtf/.


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Art collector, cataloger and connoisseur of Netherlandish drawings and prints. Lugt began his career at age twelve in 1899 when he constructed a catalog of the print collection in Rijksprentenkabinet in Amsterdam. By age fifteen, he had written a

Lüdecke, Heinz

Full Name: Lüdecke, Heinz

Gender: male

Date Born: unknown

Date Died: unknown

Subject Area(s): Context Art, Modern (style or period), and Post-1945


Overview

post-war contextual art historian (Rezeptionsgeschichte)


Selected Bibliography

and Heiland, Susanne, eds. Dürer und die Nachwelt: Urkunden, Briefe, Dichtungen und wissenschaftliche Betrachtungen aus vier Jahrhunderten. Berlin: 1955.


Sources

Dilly, 41 mentioned




Citation

"Lüdecke, Heinz." Dictionary of Art Historians (website). https://arthistorians.info/ludeckeh/.


More Resources

Search for materials by & about this art historian:

post-war contextual art historian (Rezeptionsgeschichte)