Compiler of inventories of French royal art collections; deputy representing Calvados in French parliament (Chambre des députés) from 1902-1936; general secretary of the Musée social from 1898-1902. Engerand received his education from the lycée de Caen and the Institution Sainte-Marie, also in Caen. He was licensed in letters and law, and began his political career as a lawyer for the court of appeals in Paris. Later as deputy in the French legislature, Engerand sat on various government committees for public works and industrial projects.

Chief curator of the Musée des arts décoratifs and the Musée Nissim de Camondo in Paris from 1962-1968; art historian specializing in French still life painting; professor at the École nationale supérieure des arts décoratifs, and later the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-arts.

Writer of one of the earliest known examples of art history by a woman author; seventeenth-century femme de lettre. Patin was born in Paris, but spent a majority of her life in Padua, Italy. She came from a family of intellectuals. Her father, Charles Patin, (1633-1693) was a physician and numismatist (whose work helped the art historian Joachim von Sandart. Her grandfather, Guy Patin (1601-1672), also practiced medicine as an eminent French physician. Most distinguished of all, her mother, Magdeleine Homanet, (1640-1682), wrote moral philosophy.

Art historian of eighteenth-century French engraving, painting, and book illustration; author of the first monograph Fragonard and co-author, Les Graveurs français du XVIIIe siècle. Before beginning his career as a scholar, Portalis studied painting with Jean-Hippolyte Flandrin (1809-1864), drawing and painting with Henri Regnault (1843-1871), and etching with Maxime Lalanne (1827-1886). From 1880 to 1902, Portalis regularly contributed articles to the art periodical the Gazette des Beaux-Arts.

Scholar and catalogues raisonnés compiler; dealer of eighteenth-century French art; director of the Galerie Cailleux from 1982-1996. Roland Michel was a student of André Chastel who received her master’s degree at the Sorbonne in 1959 with a thesis on the still life and genre painter Anne Vallayer-Coster (1744-1818). This artist served as the subject of Roland Michel’s first article that appeared in Burlington Magazine in 1960, and of the later monograph, Anne Vallayer-Coster (1970).